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McKinney–Vento Homeless Assistance Act
The McKinney–Vento Homeless Assistance Act of 1987 (Pub. L. 100-77, July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 482, ''et seq.'') is a United States federal law that provides federal money for homeless shelter programs.〔United States Department of Housing and Urban Development ("Synopsis of the McKinney-Vento Act" )〕〔National Coalition for the Homeless, ("Fact sheet on The Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act" ), June 2006. (archived 2007)〕 It was the first significant federal legislative response to homelessness,〔National Coalition for the Homeless, ("McKinney-Vento Act NCH Fact Sheet #18" ), June 2006〕 and was passed and signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on July 22, 1987. The act has been reauthorized several times over the years.〔National Coalition for the Homeless, ("NCH Public Policy Recommendations: HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization" ), September 14, 2009〕
The McKinney Act originally had fifteen programs providing a spectrum of services to homeless people, including the Continuum of Care Programs: the Supportive Housing Program, the Shelter Plus Care Program, and the Single Room Occupancy Program, as well as the Emergency Shelter Grant Program.〔〔Cf. National Coatition for the Homeless, "Fact sheet on The Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act", June 2006. "The McKinney-Vento Act originally consisted of fifteen programs providing a range of services to homeless people, including emergency shelter, transitional housing, job training, primary health care, education, and some permanent housing."〕
It established the Interagency Council on the Homeless (later called the Interagency Council on Homelessness).〔(Interagency Council on Homelessness )〕 The legislation has been amended several times since it was first written and enacted.
Sponsored by Representative Tom Foley (D-WA), the bill was named after Representatives Stewart McKinney (R-CT) and Bruce Vento (D-MN).
==Congressional findings and purpose==
The following are the findings and purpose from the law as of January 6, 1999:
:(a) ''Findings''
:The Congress finds that —
#the Nation faces an immediate and unprecedented crisis due to the lack of shelter for a growing number of individuals and families, including elderly persons, handicapped persons, families with children, Native Americans, and veterans;
#the problem of homelessness has become more severe and, in the absence of more effective efforts, is expected to become dramatically worse, endangering the lives and safety of the homeless;
#the causes of homelessness are many and complex, and homeless individuals have diverse needs;
#there is no single, simple solution to the problem of homelessness because of the different sub-populations of the homeless, the different causes of and reasons for homelessness, and the different needs of homeless individuals;
#due to the record increase in homelessness, States, units of local government, and private voluntary organizations have been unable to meet the basic human needs of all the homeless and, in the absence of greater Federal assistance, will be unable to protect the lives and safety of all the homeless in need of assistance; and
#the Federal Government has a clear responsibility and an existing capacity to fulfill a more effective and responsible role to meet the basic human needs and to engender respect for the human dignity of the homeless.
:(b) ''Purpose''
:It is the purpose of this chapter —
# to establish an Interagency Council on the Homeless;
# to use public resources and programs in a more coordinated manner to meet the critically urgent needs of the homeless of the Nation; and
# to provide funds for programs to assist the homeless, with special emphasis on elderly persons, handicapped persons, families with children, Native Americans, and veterans.
:(Pub. L. 100-77, title I, Sec. 102, July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 484.)〔http://frwebgate2.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=77064123430+11+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve〕〔http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/homeless/rulesandregs/laws/title1/sec11301.cfm〕〔http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sec_42_00011301----000-.html〕〔http://www.washingtonwatchdog.org/documents/usc/ttl42/ch119/subchI/sec11301.html〕
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